Bhavesh Kumar R.Bhalja
Professor
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Interests
Digital Protection and Automation, Controlled Switching of Switchgears, Distributed Generation, Smart Grid Technology, Wide Area Monitoring, Protection and Control, Synchrophasor Technology, Phasor Measurement Unit, Cyber Security Issues of Power System, Power Quality Improvement, Microgrid, Application of Artificial Intelligence Techniques to Power System, Fault Detection & Classification, Power System Planning and Design, Condition Monitoring of Electrical Apparatus, Energy Optimization of EV Charging Station
bhavesh[dot]bhalja[at]ee[dot]iitr[dot]ac[dot]in
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+91-1332-284804
Biosketch
Educational Details
Professional Background
Administrative Positions

Research
Projects
Papers
Books
Collaborations

Honours and Awards
Honors
Memberships

Teaching Engagements
Teaching Engagements

Students
Supervisions
Associate Scholars

Miscellaneous
Events
Visits
Miscellaneous
BioSketch
Educational Details
IIT Roorkee
2007
Ph. D., Digital Protection of Power System
Sardar Patel University, Gujarat
2001
M. E., Power System
Sardar Patel University, Gujarat
1999
B. E., Electrical Engineering
Professional Background
Associate Editor
01 Jul 2022 - Present
IEEE System Journal
Associate Editor
01 Apr 2018 - Present
IET Generation Transmission and Distribution
Associate Editor
01 Jan 2016 - Present
Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, IEEE Canada
Administrative Positions
Associate Dean of Academic Affairs (Evaluation)
01 Sep 2020 - Present
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
Associate Dean of Academic Affairs (Admission)
01 Sep 2020 - 23 Apr 2021
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
Faculty Coordinator, Store
01 Jul 2017 - 30 Jun 2019
Department of Electrical Engineering,Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
Chairman, Store Purchase Finance Committee
01 Jul 2019 - 03 Jan 2021
Department of Electrical Engineering,Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
Member, Department Faculty Search Committee
05 Mar 2020 - 31 Dec 2020
Department of Electrical Engineering,Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
Professor In-charge Time Table
03 Jul 2015 - 10 Apr 2017
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
Member, Department Administrative Committee
01 Jan 2020 - 31 Dec 2021
Department of Electrical Engineering,Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
Research
Projects
TOPIC START DATE FIELD DESCRIPTION FINANCIAL OUTLAY FUNDING AGENCY OTHER OFFICERS
Development and validation of security solutions against various cyber-attacks 12 Apr 2022 Cyber Security 50 Lakhs CPRI, Bangalore
Development of Hydrogen Fuel Cell based Hybrid Power Train 01 Oct 2021 for Railway Vehicles 50 Lakh DST
Development of Indigenous Simulation Model for Design Validation of Power Supply 15 Feb 2021 by National High Speed Rail Corporation Limited 101 Lakhs HSR Innovation Centre Trust, National High Speed Rail Corporation Limited, New Delhi
Energy Optimization for EV Charging Station through Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence 01 Oct 2021 Smart Charging Infrastructure in Collaboration with STATCON ENERGIAA LTD, NOIDA 89.75 Lakhs TIH, IIT Roorkee Prof. Jeevanand S
Development of a Synchrophasor based Fault Identification Module for Compensated Transmission Lines 01 Jan 2020 Development of a Synchrophasor based Fault Identification Module for Compensated Transmission Lines 43 SERB
A New Digital Relaying Scheme 01 Jan 2019 Power Transformer 48 CPRI
A New Adaptive Scheme for Protection of 01 Jan 2016 Synchronous Generator 27 CSIR None
Partial Discharge in Power Transformer 01 Jan 2018 Partial Discharge in Power Transformer 33,53,200/- DST Co-PI
Islanding Detection and Recloser-Fuse Coordination in Distribution Network with DG Penetrations 01 Jan 2015 Islanding Detection and Recloser-Fuse Coordination in Distribution Network with DG Penetrations 24.17 SERC None




Honors And Awards
Honors
Texas A & M University, College Station, USA
2018
Fulbright-Nehru Academic and Professional Excellence Fellowship (FNAPE), 2018-19
Institution of Engineers, India
2007
Merit Award
Institution of Engineers, India
2009
Young Engineers Award
IEEE Trivandrum, India
2011
Best Poster
Sep 22-24, 2011, Trivandrum, India
2012
Best Paper Award at IEEE Conference on Recent Advances in Intelligence Computational Systems
Institution of Engineers, India.
2016
Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya Memorial Prize
IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery
2018
An Exceptional Reviewer for the Year 2018
IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery
2019
An Exceptional Reviewer for the Year 2019
MemberShips
IEEE
31 Aug 2020 - Present
Senior Member
IE
31 Aug 2020 - Present
Fellow
ISTE
31 Aug 2020 - Present
Life Member
Teaching Engagements
Teaching Engagements
Protection and Switchgear ( EEN-304 )
Spring
Electrical Science ( EEN-112 )
Autumn
Power System Analysis and Control ( EEN-301 )
Autumn
Digital Protection of Power Systems ( EEN668 )
Spring
Distribution System Analysis and Modeling ( EEN562 )
Autumn
Students
SuperVisions
Protection and Real Time Monitoring of Transmission and Distribution Systems during Smart/Micro-grid Environment
07 Jan 2015 - 31 Mar 2021
Other Supervisors: , Scholar: Vishal Kumar Gaur
Secured Third Zone Protection Under Stressed Conditions of Transmission System
25 Apr 2016 - 30 Dec 2021
Other Supervisors: , Scholar: Juttu Tejeswara Rao
Improved Schemes for Busbar and Breaker Failure Protection
01 Jan 2015 - 05 Feb 2020
Other Supervisors: , Scholar: Soumitri Jena
Controlled Switching Application for Transmission Lines and Power Apparatus
01 Jan 2015 - 25 May 2019
Other Supervisors: , Scholar: Kunal A. Bhatt
Protection of Electrical Network during DG Interconnections: Problems & Solutions
01 Jan 2008 - 10 Feb 2014
Other Supervisors: none, Scholar: Pragnesh H. Shah
Protection Issues of Distribution Systems during DG/Micro-grid Environment (Got Best Thesis Award)
01 Jan 2015 - 01 Nov 2018
Other Supervisors: , Scholar: Yogeshkumar M. Makwana
Protection of Transmission Line Using Artificial Intelligence
01 Jan 2008 - 05 Nov 2013
Other Supervisors: none, Scholar: Vijay Makwana
Digital Protection of Busbars
01 Jan 2008 - 17 Nov 2013
Other Supervisors: none, Scholar: Nilesh G. Chothani
Condition Monitoring of Induction Motor using AI Techniques
01 Jan 2009 - 25 Apr 2015
Other Supervisors: Bhavesh Bhalja, Scholar: Rakesh Patel
Control Switching Application of Circuit Breaker for long EHV Compensated Transmission Lines
01 Jan 2011 - 20 Aug 2016
Other Supervisors: , Scholar: Urmil Parikh
Power Quality Improvement using Custom Power devices
01 Jan 2007 - 12 Nov 2012
Other Supervisors: none, Scholar: Tejas Zaveri
Miscellaneous
Visits
Texas A&M University
2019-01-01
Annual Protective Relaying Conference, College Station, Texas, USA.
Texas A&M University
2019-01-01
Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC 2019), College Station, Texas, USA.
University of Wollongong, Australia
2015-01-01
Annual Power and Energy Conference (APEC 2015).
Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada
2011-01-01
To attend IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC)
Particulars of course

1. I have organised one week QIP sponsored short term course on "Protection and Monitoring of of Power System Network in Smart Grid/Micro-grid Environment" from June 27-July 01, 2016.

2. I have developed 8 weeks course on Power System Protection and Switchgear under NPTEL, 2020.

3. I have organized one week TQIP sponsored one week course on "Energy Audit during Smart Grid Environment" from November 30, 2020 to December 04, 2020.

4. I have developed 8 weeks course on "Digital Protection of Power System" under NPTEL, 2022.

Self appraisal
- 1. Soumitri Jena and Bhavesh Bhalja, “Add-on device and its method to prevent breaker-failure mal-operation,” Application No. 201911053612 DATED. 24/12/2019.
Books Authored

1.   Bhavesh Bhalja, R. P. Maheshwari and N. G. Chothani, “Protection and Switchgear” Oxford University Press, New Delhi, India, Second Edition, 2018.

2.     Bhavesh Bhalja and Vijay H. Makwana, "Transmission Line Protection Using Digital Technology," Springer Science+Business Media Singapore Pte. Ltd; Singapore, January 2016.

3.         Book Chapter on “AI-based scheme for the protection of power systems networks due to incorporation of Distributed Generations,” in Artificial Intelligence Applications in Electrical Transmission and Distribution Systems Protection, CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, 2021.

4.          Book Chapter on “AI-based scheme for the Protection of Multi-terminal Transmission Lines,” in Artificial Intelligence Applications in Electrical Transmission and Distribution Systems Protection, CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, 2021.

5.  T. S. Sidhu and Bhavesh Bhalja, Numerical Algorithms for Future Protective and Metering Devices, Elsevier, USA, 2022.

Refereed Journal Papers

(a) International Journals

[1]       Astha Chawla, B. K. Panigrahi and Bhavesh R. Bhalja, “Deep-Learning Based Denial-Of-Service Resilient Framework for Wide Area Situational Awareness of Power Systems,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, Early Access.

[2]     Viral B. Rathod, Ganesh B. Kumbhar and Bhavesh R. Bhalja, “Performance Analysis of Acoustic Sensors Based Time Reversal Technique for Partial Discharge Localization in Power Transformers,” Electric Power System Research, Early Access.

[3]       J. Tejeswara Rao, Bhavesh R. Bhalja, Mikhail V. Andreev and O. P. Malik, “Discrimination between In-zone and Out-of-zone Faults during Power Swing Condition using Synchrophasor Data,” Electrical Power & Energy Systems, Vol. 146, March 2023.

[4]       Abhishek Kumar, Bhavesh R. Bhalja and G. B. Kumbhar, “Novel Technique for Location Identification and Estimation of Extent of Turn-to-Turn Fault in Transformer Winding,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Early Access.

[5]     Ashish Doorwar, Bhavesh R. Bhalja, and Om P. Malik, “Novel Approach for Synchronous Generator Protection Using New Differential Component,” IEEE Transaction on Energy Conversion, Early Access.

[6]     Bhargav Reddipalli, Bhavesh Bhalja and C. P. Gupta, “Unified Impedance based Relaying Scheme for the Protection of Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid,” IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 913-927, March 2022.

[7]   Mikhail Andreev, Alexey Suvorov, Alisher Askarov, Vladimir Rudnik and Bhavesh R. Bhalja, “Novel approach for relays tuning using detailed mathematical model of electric power system,” Electrical Power & Energy Systems, Vol. 135, February 2022, 107572.

[8]          Vishal Gaur, Bhavesh R. Bhalja and Ahmed Saber, “New Ground Fault Location Method for Three-Terminal Transmission Line using Unsynchronized Current Measurements,” Electrical Power & Energy Systems, Vol. 135, February 2022, 107513.

[9]          J. Tejeswara Rao, Bhavesh R. Bhalja, Mikhail V. Andreev and O. P. Malik, “Synchrophasor Assisted Power Swing Detection Scheme for Wind Integrated Transmission Network,” IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 37, Issue 3, June 2022, pp. 1952-1962.

[10]      Nishant H. Kothari, Bhavesh R. Bhalja, Vivek Pandya and Pushkar Tripathi, “A rate-of-change-of-current based fault classification technique for thyristor-controlled series-compensated transmission lines,” International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems, July 2021, pp. 1-16.

[11]      Abhishek Kumar, Bhavesh R. Bhalja and G. B. Kumbhar, “An Approach for Identification of Inter-Turn Fault Location in Transformer Windings using Sweep Frequency Response Analysis,” IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 37, Issue 3, June 2022, pp. 1539-1548.

[12]      Astha Chawla, B. K. Panigrahi and Bhavesh R. Bhalja, “Denial of Service Attacks Pre-emptive and Detection Framework for Synchrophasor based wide are protection applications,” IEEE System Journals, Vol. 16, No. 1, March 2022, pp. 1570-1581.

[13]      Soumitri Jena, Bhavesh R. Bhalja and O. P. Malik, "Algorithm to Prevent Breaker-Failure Protection Mal-operation Due to Subsidence Current," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Vol. 57, No. 4, pp. 3487-3499, July-Aug. 2021.

[14]      Nikolay Yu. Ruban, Aleksey A. Suvorov, Mikhail V. Andreev, Ruslan A. Ufa, Alisher B. Askarov, Alexandr S. Gusev, Bhavesh R. Bhalja, “Software and Hardware Decision Support System for Operators of Electrical Power Systems,” IEEE Transactions on Power System, Vol. 36, Issue 5, September 2021, pp. 3840-3848.

[15]      Bishwajit Sahoo, S. R. Samantaray and Bhavesh Bhalja, "An Effective Zone-3 Supervision of Distance Relay for Enhancing Wide Area Back-up Protection of Transmission System," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 36, Issue 5, October 2021, pp. 3204-3213.

[16]      Ahmed Saber and Bhavesh Bhalja, “Phasor-Based Fault Location Algorithm for ‎Three-End Multi-Section ‎Nonhomogeneous ‎Parallel Transmission Lines,” Electrical Power & Energy Systems, Vol. 130, September 2021, pp. 1-9.

[17]      Vishal Gaur, Bhavesh Bhalja and Mladen Kezunovic, "Novel fault distance estimation method for three terminal transmission line," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 36, No. 1, February 2021, pp. 406-417.

[18]      Viral B. Rathod, Ganesh B. Kumbhar and Bhavesh R. Bhalja, “Partial Discharge Detection and Localization in Power Transformers based on Acoustic Emission: Theory, Methods, and Recent Trends,” IETE Technical Review, 2021.

[19]      Ashesh Shah, Bhavesh Bhalja, R. M. Patel, Het Bhalja, Yogesh Makwana, Pramod Agarwal and O. P. Malik, “Quartile Based Differential Protection of Power Transformer,” IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 35, No. 5, October 2020, pp. 2447-2458.

[20]      J. Tejeswara Rao and Bhavesh Bhalja, “A New Phase Angle of Superimposed Positive Sequence Current based Discrimination Scheme for Prevention of Maloperation of Distance Relay during Severe Stressed Conditions,” IEEE System Journals, Vol. 14, No. 3, September 2020, pp. 3705-3716.

[21]      Soumitri Jena and Bhavesh Bhalja, “A New Sampled Value-based Bus Zone Protection Scheme with dq-components,” Accepted for Publication in IET Generation, Transmission and Distribution, Vol. 14, No. 20, October 2020, pp. 4520-4528.

[22]      Kunal A. Bhatt and Bhavesh Bhalja, “An approach for controlled energization/re-energization of shunt compensated transmission lines”, International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, Vol. 120, September 2020, pp. 1-13.

[23]      J. Tejeswara Rao and Bhavesh Bhalja, “Prevention of Maloperation of Distance Relay under Severe Stressed Conditions for Series Compensated Transmission Line Considering Optimal Placement of Phasor Measurement Units,” IET Generation, Transmission and Distribution, Vol. 14, Issue 11, 2020, pp.2148-2159.

[24]      Mikhail Andreev, Alexey Suvorov, Nikolay Ruban, Ruslan Ufa, Alexander Gusev, Alisher Askarov, Anton Kievets and Bhavesh Bhalja, “Settings Determination for Numerical Transformer Differential Protection via Its Detailed Mathematical Model,” IET Generation, Transmission and Distribution, Vol. 14, Issue 10, 2020, pp. 1962-1972.

[25]      Astha Chawla, Prakhar Agrawal, Animesh Singh, Bijaya Ketan Panigrahi, Kolin Paul and Bhavesh Bhalja, “Denial-of-Service Resilient Frameworks for Synchrophasor-Based Wide Area Monitoring Systems,” IEEE Computer Magazine, Vol. 53, Issue 5, May 2020, pp. 14-24.

[26]      Bhargav Reddipalli, Bhavesh Bhalja and C. P. Gupta, “Novel Fault Detection and Localization Algorithm for Low Voltage DC Microgrid,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, Vol. 16, Issue 7, July 2020, pp. 4498-4511.

[27]      Nishant Kothari, Bhavesh Bhalja, Vivek Pandya, Pushkar Tripathi and S. Jena, “A phasor-distance based faulty phase detection and fault classification technique for parallel transmission lines,” International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems, Vol. 20, 2020, pp. 1-16.

[28]      Yogesh M. Makwana, Bhavesh Bhalja and R. Gokaraju, " An Auto-correlation Based Islanding Detection Technique verified through Hardware-in-Loop testing," IET Generation, Transmission and Distribution, Vol. 13, Issue 17, March 2019, pp. 3792-3802.

[29]      Yogesh M. Makwana, Bhavesh Bhalja and R. Gokaraju, " Improvement in Recloser-Fuse Coordination Technique based on Modification Factor," IEEE System Journals, Vol. 14, No. 2, June 2020, pp. 2770-2779.

[30]       Bhargav Reddipalli, Bhavesh Bhalja and C. P. Gupta, “A New Algorithm for Fault Detection and Localization in a Mesh Type Bipolar DC Microgrid Network” IET Generation, Transmission and Distribution, Vol. 13, Issue 15, June 2019, pp. 3311-3322.

[31]       Soumitri Jena and Bhavesh Bhalja, “Initial Travelling Wavefront based Bus Zone Protection Scheme,” IET Generation, Transmission and Distribution, Vol. 13, Issue 15, June 2019, pp. 3216-3229.

[32]       Soumitri Jena and Bhavesh Bhalja, “A New Differential Protection Scheme for Busbar Using d-q-0 Transformation,” Electric Power Components and Systems, Vol. 7, Issue 5, 2019, pp. 382-395.

[33]       Ashish Doorwar, Bhavesh R. Bhalja, and Om P. Malik, “A new internal fault detection and classification technique for synchronous generator,” IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery, Vol. 34, Issue 2, April 2019, pp. 739-749.

[34]       S. R. Samantaray, Houshang Karimi, Bhavesh Bhalja, Chee-Wooi Ten and Marjan Popov, “Guest Editorial: Intelligent Protection and Control of Microgrids with Energy Storage Integration,” IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, Vol. 13, Issue 6, 2019, pp. 741-742.  

[35]       Kunal A. Bhatt, Bhavesh R. Bhalja, Urmil Parikh, “Controlled switching technique for minimization of switching surge during energization of uncompensated and shunt compensated transmission lines for circuit breakers having pre-insertion resistors”, International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, Vol 103, 2018, Pages 347-359.

[36]       Ashesh Shah, Bhavesh Bhalja, Rajesh Patel, “A New Protection Scheme for Power Transformer based on Superimposed Differential Current”, IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, Vol. 12, Issue 14, 2018, pp. 3587-3595.

[37]       Vishal Kumar Gaur, Bhavesh Bhalja, “New Fault Detection and Localization Technique for Double-circuit Three-terminal Transmission Line” IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, Vol. 12, Issue 8, April 2018, pp. 1687-1696.

[38]       Kunal A Bhatt, Bhavesh R Bhalja, Urmil B Parikh, “Evaluation of controlled energisation of an unloaded power transformer for minimising the level of inrush current and transient voltage distortion using PIR-CBs”, IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, Vol. 12, Issue 11, March 2018, pp. 2788-2798.

[39]       Yogesh M. Makwana and Bhavesh Bhalja, "Experimental Performance of an Islanding Detection Scheme Based on Modal Components," IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 10, Issue 1, January 2019, pp. 1025-1035.

[40]       Astha Chawla, Bhavesh R Bhalja, Bijaya Ketan Panigrahi, Manohar Singh, “Gravitational Search Based Algorithm for Optimal Coordination of Directional Overcurrent Relays Using User Defined Characteristic”, Electric Power Components and Systems, Vol. 46, No. 1, January 2018, pp. 43-55.

[41]       Soumitri Jena and Bhavesh Bhalja, “Numerical busbar differential protection using generalised alpha plane,” IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, Vol. 12, Issue 1, January 2018, pp. 227-234.

[42]       Kunal A Bhatt, Bhavesh R Bhalja, Urmil Parikh, “Evaluation of controlled energization of shunt reactors for minimizing asymmetric DC component of charging current with circuit breaker having pre-insertion resistors”, Electrical Power and Energy Systems, Vol. 93, December 2017, pp. 340-351.

[43]       Urmil B. Parikh and Bhavesh Bhalja, “Challenges in Field Implementation of Controlled Energization for Various Equipment Loads with Circuit Breakers Considering Diversified Dielectric and Mechanical Characteristics,” Electrical Power and Energy Systems, Vol. 87, No. 3, March 2017, pp. 99-108.

[44]       Yogesh M. Makwana and Bhavesh Bhalja, “Islanding detection technique based on superimposed components of voltage”, IET Renewable Power Generation, Vol. 11, Issue 11, February 2017, pp. 1371-1381.

[45]       Karan Sareen, Bhavesh Bhalja and R. P. Maheshwari, “A Hybrid Multi-feature based Islanding Detection Technique for Grid Connected Distributed Generation,” International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems, Vol. 18, Issue 1, February 2017, pp. 1-16.

[46]       Soumitri Jena and Bhavesh Bhalja, “Development of a new fault zone identification scheme for busbar using logistic regression classifier,” IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, Vol. 11, Issue 1, January 2017, pp. 174-184.

[47]       Yogesh M. Makwana and Bhavesh Bhalja, “Islanding Detection Technique based on Relevance Vector Machine,” IET Renewable Power Generation, Vol. 10, Issue 10, November 2016, pp. 1607-1615.

[48]       Karan Sareen, Bhavesh Bhalja and R. P. Maheshwari “A New Islanding Detection Technique based on Inverse Hyperbolic Secant Function,” IET Renewable Power Generation, Vol. 10, Issue 7, July 2016, pp. 1002-1009.

[49]       Ashesh M. Shah and Bhavesh Bhalja, "A New Fault Discrimination Scheme for Power Transformer using Random Forest Technique," IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, Vol. 10, Issue 6, April 2016, pp. 1431-1439.

[50]       Karan Sareen, Bhavesh Bhalja and R. P. Maheshwari, "Evaluation of Superimposed Sequence Components of Currents based Islanding Detection Scheme during DG Interconnections," International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems, Vol. 17, Issue 1, February 2016, pp. 1-14.

[51]       Urmil B. Parikh and Bhavesh Bhalja, “Mitigation of Magnetic Inrush Current during Controlled Energization of coupled un-loaded Power Transformers in presence of Residual Flux without load side voltage measurements”, Electrical Power and Energy Systems, Vol. 76, No. 1, pp. 156-164, March 2016.

[52]       Karan Sareen, Bhavesh Bhalja and R. P. Maheshwari, " A Universal Islanding Detection Technique based on Rate of Change of Sequence Components of Currents for Distributed Generations," IET Renewable Power Generation, Vol. 2, Issue 2, February 2016, pp. 228-237.

[53]       Karan Sareen, Bhavesh Bhalja and R. P. Maheshwari, "Current based Islanding Detection Scheme in Presence of Distributed Generations," Electric Power Components and Systems, Vol. 44, Issue 1, January 2016, pp. 72-81.

[54]       N. G. Chothani and Bhavesh Bhalja, "A New Algorithm for Busbar Fault Zone Identification Using Relevance Vector Machine," Electric Power Components and Systems, Vol. 44, No. 2, February 2016, pp. 193-205.

[55]      R. A. Patel and Bhavesh Bhalja, " Condition Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis of Induction motor using Support Vector Machine," Electric Power Components and Systems, Vol. 44, No. 6, June 2016, pp. 683-692.

[56]      A. M. Shah and Bhavesh Bhalja, "A New Adaptive Differential Protection Scheme for Tap Changing Power Transformer," International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems, Vol. 16, No. 4, August 2015, pp. 339-348.

[57]      V. H. Makwana and Bhavesh Bhalja, “Distance Relaying Algorithm for a Line-to-ground Fault on Single Infeed Lines,” Electric Power Components and Systems, Vol. 42, No. 12, August 2014, pp. 1172-1180.

[58]      Pragnesh H. Shah and Bhavesh Bhalja, “A New Rate of Change of Impedance-based Islanding Detection Scheme in Presence of Distributed Generation,” Electric Power Components and Systems, Vol. 42, No. 11, July 2014, pp. 1227-1238.

[59]      N. G. Chothani and Bhavesh Bhalja, “A New Algorithm for CT Saturation Detection and Compensation based on Derivatives of Secondary Currents and Newton’s Backward Difference Formulas” IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, Vol. 8, Issue 5, May 2014, pp.841-850.

[60]      Pragnesh H. Shah and Bhavesh Bhalja, “New adaptive digital relaying scheme to tackle recloser-fuse miscoordination during distributed generation interconnections” IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, Vol. 8, Issue 4, April 2014, pp.682-688.

[61]      N. G. Chothani and Bhavesh Bhalja “Development of a New Bus Zone Identification Algorithm based on Phase Angle Comparison using Sequence Components of Currents,” Electric Power Components and Systems, Vol. 42, No. 2, January 2014, pp. 215-226.

[62]      Pragnesh H. Shah and Bhavesh Bhalja, “Anti-Islanding Protection of Distributed Generation Using Rate of Change of Impedance,” International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems, Vol. 14, Issue 5, October 2013, pp. 433-442, Berkeley Electronic Press, Canada.

[63]      N. G. Chothani Bhavesh Bhalja and Urmil Parikh, “New Support Vector Machine Based Digital Relaying Scheme for Discrimination between Power Swing and Fault” IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, Vol. 8, Issue 1, January 2014, pp.17-25.

[64]      U. B. Parikh and Bhavesh Bhalja, “SVR Based Current Zero Estimation Technique for Controlled Fault Interruption in Series-Compensated Transmission Line,” IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 28, No. 3, July 2013, pp. 1364-1372.

[65]      A. M. Shah and Bhavesh Bhalja, “Discrimination between Internal Faults and Other Disturbances in Transformer Using Support Vector Machine Based Protection Scheme,” IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 28, No. 3, July 2013, pp. 1508-1515.

[66]      Vijay Makwana and Bhavesh R. Bhalja, “A New Digital Distance Relaying Scheme for Compensation of High-Resistance Faults on Transmission Line” IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 27, No. 4, October 2012, pp. 2133-2140.

[67]      Nilesh Chothani, Bhavesh R. Bhalja and Urmil Parikh, “Development of a New Bus Zone Identification Algorithm using Support Vector Machine” IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, UK, Vol. 6, Issue 7, July 2012, pp. 710-718.

[68]      Tejas Zaveri, Bhavesh R. Bhalja and Naimish Zaveri, “Comparison of control strategies for DSTATCOM in three-phase, four-wire distribution system for power quality improvement under various source voltage and load conditions” International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy System, Elsevier B. V, Vol. 43, 2012, pp. 582-594.

[69]      Tejas Zaveri, Bhavesh R. Bhalja and Naimish Zaveri, “Load Compensation using DSTATCOM in Three-phase, Three-wire Distribution System under various source and delta connected load conditions” International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy System, Elsevier B. V, Vol. 41, 2012, pp. 34-43.

[70]      Vijay Makwana and Bhavesh R. Bhalja “A New Digital Distance Relaying Scheme for Series Compensated Double-Circuit Line during Open-Conductor and Ground Fault” IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 27, No. 2, April 2012, pp. 910-917.

[71]      Vijay Makwana and Bhavesh R. Bhalja “New Digital Distance Relaying Scheme for Phase Faults on Doubly-Fed Transmission Lines,” IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, UK, Vol. 6, Issue 3, March 2012, pp. 265-273.

[72]      P. H. Shah, Bhavesh R. Bhalja, Balubhai Rakholia and Jignesh Shah “A New Digital Down Conductor Detection Scheme for Overhead Electrical Power Distribution Systems,” International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems, Vol. 12, Issue 5, Article 8, Berkeley Electronic Press, Canada, 2011, pp. 1-16.

[73]      Tejas Zaveri, Bhavesh R. Bhalja and Naimish Zaveri, “A Novel Approach of Reference Current Generation for Power Quality Improvement in 3-phase, 3-wire Distribution System using DSTATCOM,” International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy System, Elsevier B. V, Vol. 33, 2011, pp. 1702-1710.

[74]      P. H. Shah, Bhavesh Bhalja, N. G. Chothani and Ravi Patel, “A Novel Approach to Tackle Miscoordination of Protective Device in Radial Distribution Network during DG Interconnections” International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems, Vol. 12, Issue 4, Article 4, Berkeley Electronic Press, Canada, 2011, pp. 1-21.

[75]      Vijay Makwana and Bhavesh R. Bhalja “A New Adaptive Distance Relaying Scheme for Mutually Coupled Series Compensated Parallel Transmission Lines during Inter-Circuit Faults,” IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, US, Vol. 26, No. 4, October 2011, pp. 2726-2734.

[76]      Nilesh Chothani, Bhavesh R. Bhalja and Urmil Parikh, “A New Fault Zone Identification Scheme for Busbar using Support Vector Machine” IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, UK, Vol. 5, Issue 10, October 2011, pp. 1073-1079.

[77]   Vijay Makwana and Bhavesh R. Bhalja “A New Adaptive Digital Distance Relaying Scheme for Double Infeed Parallel Transmission Line during Inter-Circuit Faults” IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, UK, Vol. 5, Issue 6, 2011, pp. 667-673.

[78] Bhavesh R. Bhalja and R. P. Maheshwari, “A new fault detection, classification and location scheme for transmission line,” International Journal of Power and Energy Conversion, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, Vol. 2, No. 4, 2011, pp. 353-364.

[79]   Swati Purohit and Bhavesh R. Bhalja “Protection of Double Circuit Line using Superimposed Current”, International Journal of Electric Power Components and Systems, Taylor Francis, USA, Vol. 39, No. 6, June 2011, pp. 590-604.

[80]   Bhavesh R. Bhalja, R. P. Maheshwari, B. A. Oza and P. H. Shah, “Development of a New Over current/Under current Relay Testing Kit”, Electric Power Components and Systems, Vol. 37, No. 11, November 2009, pp. 1208-1218.

[81] Bhavesh R. Bhalja, R. P. Maheshwari, and Urmil Parikh, “A New Digital Relaying Scheme for Parallel Transmission Line”, International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems, Vol. 10, Issue 3, Article 3, Berkeley Electronic Press, Canada, 2009, pp. 1-26.

[82] Bhavesh R. Bhalja and R. P. Maheshwari, “Wavelet Based Relaying Scheme for Tapped Transmission Line”, Electric Power Components and Systems, Vol. 37, No. 8, August 2009, pp. 879-893.

[83]   Bhavesh R. Bhalja, R. P. Maheshwari, Saurav Nema and H. K. Verma “Neuro-Fuzzy Based Scheme for Stator Winding Protection of Synchronous Generator” Electric Power Components and Systems, Vol. 37, No. 5, May 2009, pp. 560-576.

[84]     Bhavesh R. Bhalja and R. P. Maheshwari, “Wavelet Based Fault Classification Scheme for Transmission Line Using SVM” Electric Power Components and Systems, Vol. 36, No. 10, October 2008, pp. 1017-1030.

[85]     Bhavesh R. Bhalja, R. P. Maheshwari, Urmil Parikh and B. Das, “Decision Tree Based Fault Classification Scheme for Protection of Series Compensated Transmission Lines”, International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems, Berkeley Electronic Press, Vol. 8, Issue 6, 2007, Article 1, pp. 1-12.

[86]      Bhavesh R. Bhalja and R. P. Maheshwari, “'A New Differential Protection Scheme for Tapped Transmission Line”, IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, Vol. 2, No. 2, March 2008, pp. 271-279.

[87] Bhavesh R. Bhalja and R. P. Maheshwari, “Protection of Transmission Line Paralleled Along the Same Right of Way”, Electric Power Components and Systems, Vol. 36, No. 3, March 2008, pp. 239-249.

[88] Bhavesh R. Bhalja and R. P. Maheshwari, “Percentage Differential Protection of Double-Circuit Line Using Wavelet Transform”, Electric Power Components and Systems, Vol. 35, No. 8, August 2007, pp.945-954.

[89] Bhavesh R. Bhalja and R. P. Maheshwari, “An Adaptive Distance Relaying Scheme Using Radial Basis Function Neural Network”, Electric Power Components and Systems, Vol. 35, No. 3, March 2007, pp.245-259.

[90] Bhavesh R. Bhalja and R. P. Maheshwari, “High Resistance Faults on Two Terminal Parallel Transmission Line: Analysis, Simulation Studies and an Adaptive Distance Relaying Scheme”, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 22, No. 2, April 2007, pp. 801-812.

[91]  Bhavesh R. Bhalja and R. P. Maheshwari, “Trends in Adaptive Distance Protection of Multi-terminal and Double-circuit Lines”, Electric Power Components and Systems, Vol. 34, No. 6, June 2006, pp.603-617.

 (b) National Journals

1.  Bhavesh R. Bhalja and A. M. Shah, “A Laboratory Prototype and Simulation of Ground Constant Measurement of Circuit  Breaker,” Journal of Institution of Engineers, India, Ser. B, July 2014, pp. 1-8.

2. Bhavesh Bhalja and P. H. Shah, “Modelling & Dynamic Performance Prediction of a D.C. Series Motor Using TUTSIM as a Tool”,IEEMA (Indian Electrical & Electronics Manufacturer’s Association) Journal, Mumbai, India, Vol. 25, No. 7, June 2005, pp. 56-59.

3. Bhavesh Bhalja, R. P. Maheshwari, and N. G. Chothani, “A Review on Busbar Protection Philosophy: Past, Present and Future, ”Journal of Institution of Engineers, India, Vol. 91, September 2010, pp. 3-13.

4. Bhavesh Bhalja and R. P. Maheshwari, “Modelling, Simulation and Analysis of ac Locomotives for 25 kV ac Railway Traction System – OHE Protection Considerations”, Journal of The Institution of Engineers, India, Vol. 90, June 2009, pp. 1-6.

5. Bhavesh Bhalja and R. P. Maheshwari, “Protection of Double-Circuit Line Using Wavelet Transform”, Journal of The Institution of Engineers, India, Vol. 87, No. 2, September 2006, pp. 67-70.

(c) International Conferences

1. Bhavesh Bhalja and R. P. Maheshwari, “Philosophy of Protection for Multi-terminal and Double-circuit Lines”, In Proceeding CERA-2005. International Conference, Computer Application in Electrical Engineering Recent Advances, September 28 - October 01, IIT Roorkee, India, pp. 582-588, 2005.

2. Bhavesh Bhalja and R. P. Maheshwari, “Wavelet Transform Based Differential Protection Scheme for Tapped Transmission Line”, In Proceeding ICIT 2006: IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, IIT Bombay, India, December 15-17, pp. 1001-1004, 2006.

3.  Bhavesh Bhalja and R. P. Maheshwari, “High Speed Protection Scheme for Traction OHE of 25 kV AC Indian Railway System”, In Proceeding IEEE Industry Application Society Annual Meeting, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, Sept. 23 - 27, 2007.

4.  Bhavesh Bhalja, B. A. Oza and P. H. Shah, “Coordination of over current relay for cascaded  parallel feeder”, In Proceeding APSCOM-06: International Conference on Advances in Power System Control, Operation and Managements, Hong Kong, October 30-November 02, pp. 01-04, 2006.

5.  Bhavesh Bhalja, R. P. Maheshwari, B. Das and Urmil Parikh, “A new fault classification technique for protection of series compensated transmission lines”, In Proceedings of International Conference on Power System Protection, CPRI Bangalore, India, February 20-21, pp. 17-26, 2007.

6.  Bhavesh Bhalja, Samir Patel, P. H. Shah and Nilesh Modi, “Modeling & Dynamic Performance Prediction of Poly Phase Induction Motor and D C Series Motor Using computational tool as a Matlab”, In Proceeding EAST-2005: International Conference on Emerging Adaptive System and Technologies, Tamilnadu, India, 16 December-17 December 2005.

7.  Bhavesh Bhalja and N. G. Chothani and R. P. Maheshwari, “A new digital differential relaying Scheme for the protection of busbar,“ 4th  International Conference on Computer Applications in Electrical Engineering Recent Advances, 19-21 Feb 2010, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, India.

8.  N. Y. Savjani and B. R. Bhalja, “Impact of Distributed Generation on Protection of Distribution Network due to Interfacing Transformer Connection”, International Conference on Electrical Power & Energy Systems (ICEPES-2010), P-480, 26-28 August 2010, MANIT Bhopal, pp. 347-350.

9.  Tejas Zaveri, Bhavesh Bhalja and N. Zaveri, “Simulation and Analysis of Control Strategies for DSTATCOM”, In Proceedings of International Conference on Control, Communication & Power Engineering (CCPE-2010), 28th July 2010, Chennai, India, pp. 116-120.

10.  Bhavesh Bhalja, Tejas Zaveri and N. Zaveri, “Control Technique for Power Quality Improvement in Delta Connected Load Using DSTATCOM”, In Proceedings of IEEE IEMDC International conference on Electric Machines and Drives, Niagara Falls, Canada, 15-18 May 2011, pp. 1397-1402.

11.  N. G. Chothani, Bhavesh Bhalja and Kuldeep Ruparelia, “Digital Differential Relaying Scheme for the Protection of Sectionalized Bus using PSCAD,” In Proceedings of ICISET 2011 International Conference on Innovative Science & Engineering Technology, Rajkot, Gujarat, India, 03-09 April 2011, pp. 338-342.

12.  Bhavesh Bhalja, P. H. Shah and Ankit Patel, “Modeling and Simulation of Timer Based Fuse Recloser Coordination in Distribution Network with High Penetration of Distributed Generation,” In Proceedings of ICISET 2011 International Conference on Innovative Science & Engineering Technology, Rajkot, Gujarat, India, 03-09 April 2011, pp. 333-337.

13.  P. H. Shah, Bhavesh Bhalja and Paresh R Moda, “Islanding Detection Techniques for Distributed Generation Systems: A Review,” In Proceedings of ICAET 2011 International conference on Advances in Engineering & Technology, Nagapattinam, India, May 27-28, 2011.

14.  Bhavesh Bhalja and P. H. Shah, “Miscoordination of Relay in Radial Distribution Network Containing Distributed Generation,” In Proceedings of RAICS 2011 IEEE International conference on Recent Advances in Intelligent Computational Systems, Trivandrum, India, September 22-24, 2011, pp. 72-75.

15.  N. G. Chothani and Bhavesh Bhalja, “A New Differential Protection Scheme for Busbar Considering CT Saturation Effect,” In Proceedings of CCECE 2011 International conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, Niagara Falls, Canada, 5-8 May 2011, pp. 07-10.

16.  A. M. Shah and Bhavesh Bhalja, “A New Approach to Digital Protection of Power Transformer Using Support Vector Machine,” In Proceedings of CCECE 2011 International conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, Niagara Falls, Canada, 5-8 May 2011, pp. 11-14.     

17.  A. M. Shah and Bhavesh Bhalja, “Application of Support Vector Machine for digital protection of power transformer,” In Proceedings of INDICON 2011 Annual IEEE India conference on Engineering Sustainable Solutions, Hyderabad, India, 16-18 December 2011, pp. 1-5.

18. N. G. Chothani, Bhavesh Bhalja and U. J. Patel, “A Real Time DSP based Differential Protection of Low Voltage Busbar,” In Proceedings of International conference on Advances in Power Conversion and Energy Technologies, APCET, Hyderabad, India, August 2-4, 2012, pp. 1-4.

19.  N. G. Chothani, Anand Desai and Bhavesh Bhalja “A New Algorithm for Coordination of Relay and Auto-Reclosure in 220 kV Transmission System,” In Proceedings of INDICON 2013, International conference on  Impact of Engineering on Global Sustainability, IIT Bombay, December 15-17, 2013, India.

20.  R. V. Bhavsar, R. A. Patel and Bhavesh Bhalja, "Condition monitoring of Induction motor using Artificial neural network," In Proceedings of AICERA/iCMMD, 2014, Annual International conference on Emerging Research Areas: Magnetics, Machines and Drives, Kerala, India, July 24-26, 2014, DOI: 978-1-4799-5202-1/14/$31.00

21.  Siddharth Joshi, Vivek Pandya and Bhavesh Bhalja,"Maximum Power Point Tracking and MPPT efficiency for wind and solar energy conversion standalone system," In Proceedings of IEEE Indicon 2014, December 11-13, 2014, pp. 1-6.

22.  Bhavesh Bhalja, Piyush Dodiya and T. Phani Swecha, "Universal Approach to Tackle the Threat of Miscoordination between Fuse and Recloser in Distribution Network with Distributed Generations," In Proceedings of Australian Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC 2015) on Challanges for Future Grids, Wollongong, Australia, September 26-30, 2015.

23.  Karan Sareen, Bhavesh Bhalja and R. P. Maheshwari, "A New Islanding Detection Technique for Distribution System during DG Interconnections," In Proceedings of IEEE ISGT-Asia-2015, Internation Conference on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies, November 4-6, 2015, Bangkok, Thailand.

24.  Sanchay Adari and Bhavesh Bhalja, “Islanding Detection of Distributed Generation using Random Forest Technique,” In Proceedings of 6th IEEE International Conference on Power Systems (ICPS-2016), March 4-6, 2016, Delhi, India, pp. 1-5.

25.  A M Shah, Bhavesh Bhalja and R. M. Patel, “Power transformer differential protection using S-transform and Support Vector Machine,” In Proceedings of 19th National Power System Conference (NPSC), Bhubaneshwar, India, December 19-21, 2016, pp. 1-6.

26.  Yogesh M. Makwana, Bhavesh R. Bhalja, Ashesh M. Shah, Jignesh Solanki, “Intelligent protection scheme for power transformer,” In Proceedings of North American Power Symposium (NAPS), September 17-19, 2017, Morgantown, WV, US.

27.  Soumitri Jena and Bhavesh Bhalja, “A New Numeric Busbar Protection Scheme using Bayes Point Machine,” In Proceedings of 9th IEEE PES Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference, November 8-10, 2017, Bangalore, India.

28.  Karan Sareen, Bhavesh Bhalja, Sanjay Srivastava, Yogendra Swarnkar and R. P. Maheshwari, “Islanding Detection Technique based on Statistical Approach for Distribution Network,” In Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Electric Power and Energy Conversion Systems, Kitakyushu, Japan, April 23-25, 2018

29.  Vishal K. Gaur and Bhavesh R. Bhalja, “A New Digital Distance Relaying Scheme for Three Terminal Transmission Line,” In Proceedings of IEEE PES General Meeting, August 5 - 10, 2018, Portland, OR, USA.

30.  Ashish Doorwar and Bhavesh Bhalja, "Half Cycle Negative Sequence Differential Protection for Synchronous Generator," In Proceedings of 2019 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC), 7-8 Feb. 2019 College Station, TX, USA, 2019, pp. 1-5.

31.  Vishal K. Gaur and Bhavesh R. Bhalja, “Synchrophasor Based Fault Distance Estimation Method for Tapped Transmission Line,” In Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Synchronized Measurements and Analytics 2019, May 20 - 24, 2019, Texas A&M Hotel and Conference Centre, TX, USA.

32. Mladen Kezunovic, Bhavesh Bhalja and Jinfing Ren, “Use of PMU data for locating faults and mitigating cascading outage,” In Proceedings of CIGRE study committee B5 Colloquium, PS1_117, June 24-28, 2019, Tromso, Norway, pp. 1-8.

33.  Ashish Doorwar, Bhavesh R. Bhalja, and Om P. Malik, “A new internal fault detection and classification technique for synchronous generator,” In Proceedings of 2019 IEEE PES General Meeting, 4-8 August 2019, Atlanta, GA, USA, 2019.

34.  Soumitri Jena and Bhavesh R. Bhalja, “A Fault Zone Identification Scheme for Busbar Using Correlation Coefficients Analysis,” In Proceedings of 2019 IEEE PES General Meeting, 4-8 August 2019, Atlanta, GA, USA, 2019.

35.  Soumitri Jena and Bhavesh R. Bhalja, “A New Differential Protection Scheme for Busbar using Teager Energy Operator,” In Proceedings of 8th International Conference on Power System (ICPS), 20-22 December 2019, MNIT Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

36. Vishal K. Gaur and Bhavesh R. Bhalja, “Wavelet Transform Modulus Maxima-based Fault Location Method for Three-Terminal Transmission Line,” In Proceedings of 8th International Conference on Power System (ICPS), 20-22 December 2019, MNIT Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

37.  Nishant Pandya, Bhavesh Bhalja, Vivek Pandya, Pushkar Tripathy and Soumitri Jena“A Faulty Section Identification Scheme in Thyristor Controlled Series Compensated Transmission Lines using Superimposed Currents,” In Proceedings of 8th International Conference on Power System (ICPS), 20-22 December 2019, MNIT Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

38.  Het Bhalja, Bhavesh Bhalja and Pramod Agarwal, “Rate of Rise of Differential Current based Protection of Power Transformer,” 16th IEEE India Council International Conference (INDICON 2019), 14-15 December 2019, Marwadi University, Rajkot, India.

39.  Ajit Kumar Upadhiya, Bhavesh Bhalja and Ganesh Kumbhar, “Impact of series compensation on Alpha plane line current differential protection scheme,” 16th IEEE India Council International Conference (INDICON 2019), 14-15 December 2019, Marwadi University, Rajkot, India.

40.  Soumitri Jena and Bhavesh Bhalja, “Application of Wavelet Transform for IEC-61850 based Busbar Protection,” 16th IEEE India Council International Conference (INDICON 2019), 14-15 December 2019, Marwadi University, Rajkot, India.

41.  Ashesh Shah, Bhavesh Bhalja and Rajesh Patel, “The Sequence Components Based Identification of Internal Fault in Power Transformer,” 16th IEEE India Council International Conference (INDICON 2019), 14-15 December 2019, Marwadi University, Rajkot, India.

42. Bhargav Reddipalli, Bhavesh Bhalja and C. P. Gupta, “A New Impedance Relay for the Protection of Low Voltage DC Microgrid,” In Proceedings of 2020 IEEE PES General Meeting, 3-6 August 2020, Montreal, Canada, 2020.

43. Soumitri Jena, Bhavesh Bhalja and O. P. Malik, “Algorithm to prevent Breaker Failure Protection Mal- operation due to Subsidence current,” In Proceedings of 2020 IEEE IAS Annual Meeting, 11-15 October, 2020, Detroit, MI, USA.

44. J. Tejeshwara Rao and Bhavesh Bhalja, “Algorithm to prevent Breaker Failure Protection Mal- operation due to Subsidence current,” In Proceedings of 2020 IEEE IAS Annual Meeting, 11-15 October, 2020, Detroit, MI, USA.